Jichai generator set is a common emergency power generation equipment. It takes the diesel engine using diesel as fuel as the prime mover to drive the generator to rotate. When there is a temporary power failure and there is an urgent need to use electricity, the diesel generator set comes in handy. So how to choose and buy the emergency diesel generator set as a temporary power generation?

選購應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組方法

Method of purchasing emergency diesel generator set

一、應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的兩大特點(diǎn)：

1、 Two characteristics of emergency diesel generator set:

第1個(gè)特點(diǎn)是作應(yīng)急用，連續(xù)工作的時(shí)間不長，一般只需要持續(xù)運(yùn)行幾小時(shí)（≤12H）；

The first feature is that it is used for urgent needs. The continuous working time is not long. Generally, it only needs to run continuously for a few hours (≤ 12h);

第2個(gè)特點(diǎn)是作備用，應(yīng)急發(fā)電機(jī)組平時(shí)處于停機(jī)等待狀態(tài)，只有當(dāng)主用電源全部鼓障斷電后，應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組才起動(dòng)運(yùn)行供給緊急用電負(fù)荷，當(dāng)主用電源恢復(fù)正常后，隨即切換停機(jī)。

The second feature is for standby. The emergency generator set is usually in the shutdown waiting state. Only when all the main power supply is blocked and powered off, the emergency diesel generator set will start operation to supply emergency power load. When the main power supply returns to normal, it will be switched to shutdown immediately.

二、應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的選購要點(diǎn)：

2、 Purchase points of emergency diesel generator set:

(1)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)容量的確定：

(1) Determination of emergency diesel generator capacity:

應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的標(biāo)定容量為經(jīng)大氣修正后的12h標(biāo)定容量，其容量應(yīng)能滿足緊急電總計(jì)算負(fù)荷，并按發(fā)電機(jī)容量能滿足一級(jí)負(fù)荷中單臺(tái)大容量電動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)的要求進(jìn)行校驗(yàn)。應(yīng)急發(fā)電機(jī)一般選用三相交流同步發(fā)電機(jī)，其標(biāo)定輸出電壓為400V。

The rated capacity of emergency diesel generator set is the 12h rated capacity after atmospheric correction. Its capacity shall meet the total calculated load of emergency power, and shall be verified according to the requirement that the generator capacity can meet the starting requirements of single motor with the largest capacity in class I load. Three phase AC synchronous generator is generally selected for emergency generator, and its rated output voltage is 400V.

(2)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組臺(tái)數(shù)的確定：

(2) Determination of the number of emergency diesel generator sets:

有多臺(tái)發(fā)電機(jī)組備用時(shí)，一般只設(shè)置1臺(tái)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組，從可靠性考慮也可以選用2臺(tái)機(jī)組并聯(lián)進(jìn)行供電。供應(yīng)急用的發(fā)電機(jī)組臺(tái)數(shù)一般不宜超過3臺(tái)。當(dāng)選用多臺(tái)機(jī)組時(shí)，機(jī)組應(yīng)盡量選用型號(hào)、容量相同，調(diào)壓、調(diào)速特性相近的成套設(shè)備，所用燃油性質(zhì)應(yīng)一致，以便進(jìn)行維修保養(yǎng)及共用備件。當(dāng)供應(yīng)急用的發(fā)電機(jī)組有2臺(tái)時(shí)，自起動(dòng)裝置應(yīng)使2臺(tái)機(jī)組能互為備用，即市電電源故障停電經(jīng)過延時(shí)確認(rèn)以后，發(fā)出自起動(dòng)指令，如果第1臺(tái)機(jī)組連續(xù)3次自起動(dòng)失敗，應(yīng)發(fā)出報(bào)警信號(hào)并自動(dòng)起動(dòng)第2臺(tái)柴油發(fā)電機(jī)。

When there are multiple generator sets for standby, generally only one emergency diesel generator set is set. Considering the reliability, two units can also be selected for parallel power supply. Generally, the number of generator units for emergency use should not exceed 3. When multiple units are selected, complete sets of equipment with the same model and capacity and similar pressure regulation and speed regulation characteristics shall be selected as far as possible, and the properties of fuel used shall be consistent for maintenance and sharing of spare parts. When there are two generator sets for emergency use, the self starting device shall enable the two units to be standby for each other, that is, after the power failure of the mains power supply is confirmed, the self starting command shall be issued. If the self starting of the first unit fails for three consecutive times, the alarm signal shall be issued and the second diesel generator shall be started automatically.

選用2臺(tái)柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組并聯(lián)進(jìn)行供電

Two diesel generator sets are selected for parallel power supply

(3)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)的選擇：

(3) Selection of emergency diesel generator:

應(yīng)急機(jī)組宜選用高速、增壓、油耗低、同容量的柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組。高速增壓柴油機(jī)單機(jī)容量較大，占據(jù)空間??；柴油機(jī)選用配電子或液壓調(diào)速裝置，調(diào)速性能較好；發(fā)電機(jī)宜選用配無刷勵(lì)磁或相復(fù)勵(lì)裝置的同步電機(jī)，進(jìn)行較可靠，故障率低，維護(hù)檢修較方便；當(dāng)一級(jí)負(fù)荷中單臺(tái)空調(diào)器容量或電動(dòng)機(jī)容量較大時(shí)，宜選用三次諧波勵(lì)磁的發(fā)電機(jī)組；機(jī)組裝在附有減震器的共用底盤上；排煙管出口裝上消聲器，以減小噪聲對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的影響。

The diesel generator set with high speed, pressurization, low fuel consumption and the same capacity should be selected for the emergency unit. High speed turbocharged diesel engine has large capacity and small space; The diesel engine is equipped with electronic or hydraulic speed regulation device, with good speed regulation performance; The synchronous motor equipped with brushless excitation or phase compound excitation device should be selected for the generator, which has reliable operation, low failure rate and convenient maintenance; When the capacity of a single air conditioner or motor in class I load is large, the generator set with third harmonic excitation should be selected; The machine is assembled on a common chassis with shock absorbers; A muffler is installed at the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe to reduce the impact of noise on the surrounding environment.

(4)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的控制：

(4) Control of emergency diesel generator set:

應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的控制應(yīng)具有快速自起動(dòng)及自動(dòng)投入裝置。當(dāng)主用電源故障斷電后，應(yīng)急機(jī)組應(yīng)能快速自起動(dòng)并恢復(fù)供電，一級(jí)負(fù)荷的允許斷電時(shí)間從十幾秒至幾十秒，應(yīng)根據(jù)具體情況確定。當(dāng)重要工程的主用電源斷電后，應(yīng)以過3-5S的確定時(shí)間，以避開瞬時(shí)電壓降低及市電網(wǎng)合閘或備用電源自動(dòng)投入的時(shí)間，然后再發(fā)出起動(dòng)應(yīng)急發(fā)電機(jī)組的指令。從指令發(fā)出、機(jī)組開始起動(dòng)、升速到能帶全負(fù)荷需要一段時(shí)間。一般大、中型柴油機(jī)還需要預(yù)潤滑及暖機(jī)過程，使緊急加載時(shí)的機(jī)油機(jī)油壓力、機(jī)油溫度、冷卻水溫度符合廠品技術(shù)條件的規(guī)定；預(yù)潤滑及暖機(jī)過程可以根據(jù)不同情況預(yù)行。

The control of emergency diesel generator set shall be equipped with fast self starting and automatic input devices. When the main power supply fails to power off, the emergency unit shall be able to quickly start and restore power supply. The allowable power off time of class I load shall be determined according to the specific situation from more than ten seconds to tens of seconds. When the main power supply of important projects is cut off, the time shall be determined after 3-5s to avoid the time of instantaneous voltage reduction and closing of municipal power grid or automatic input of standby power supply, and then the command to start the emergency generator set shall be issued. It will take a period of time from the issuing of the command, the start of the unit, the speed increase to the full load. Generally, large and medium-sized diesel engines also need pre lubrication and warm-up process, so that the oil pressure, oil temperature and cooling water temperature during emergency loading meet the provisions of factory technical conditions; The pre lubrication and warm-up process can be carried out in advance according to different conditions.

在必要的場(chǎng)所應(yīng)有一臺(tái)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)用以備用發(fā)電，所以應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)的好壞也決定了在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻能夠發(fā)揮多大的用處，我們?cè)谔暨x應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)時(shí) 一定要購買合適實(shí)際情況的，根據(jù)應(yīng)急柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的特點(diǎn)來選購。

There should be an emergency diesel generator in the necessary place for standby power generation, so the quality of the emergency diesel generator also determines how useful it can be at the critical moment. When selecting the emergency diesel generator, we must buy one suitable for the actual situation and choose it according to the characteristics of the emergency diesel generator set.