1. 全流式機油濾清器
1. Full flow oil filter
現(xiàn)代汽車發(fā)動機所采用的全流式濾清器多為過濾式。機油從紙濾芯的外圍進(jìn)入濾清器中心，然后經(jīng)出油口流進(jìn)機體主油道。機油流過濾芯時雜質(zhì)被截留在濾芯上。如果濾清器使用時間達(dá)到了更換周期，就把整個濾清器拆下扔掉更換上新的濾清器。
Most of the full flow filters used in modern automobile engines are filter type. The oil enters the center of the filter from the periphery of the paper filter element, and then flows into the main oil passage of the machine body through the oil outlet. When the oil flows through the filter element, impurities are trapped on the filter element. If the service time of the filter reaches the replacement cycle, remove the whole filter, throw it away and replace it with a new filter.
2. 分流式機油濾清器
2. Split flow oil filter
分流式機油濾清器有過濾式和離心式兩種類型，過濾式存在著濾清能力與通過能力的矛盾，而離心式則有過濾能力高，通過能力大，且不受沉淀物影響的優(yōu)點。
There are two types of split flow engine oil filters: filter type and centrifugal type. The filter type has the contradiction between filtering capacity and passing capacity, while the centrifugal type has the advantages of high filtering capacity, large passing capacity and not affected by sediment.
一般潤滑系中裝用幾個不同濾清能力的濾清器——集濾器、粗濾器和細(xì)濾器，分別并聯(lián)或串聯(lián)在主油道中。（與主油道串聯(lián)的叫全流式濾清器，發(fā)動機工作時潤滑油全部經(jīng)濾清器濾清；與之并聯(lián)的叫分流式濾清器）。其中粗濾器一串聯(lián)在主油道中，為全流式；細(xì)濾器并聯(lián)在主油道中，為分流式。 現(xiàn)代轎車發(fā)動機上普遍只設(shè)有集濾器和一個全流式機油濾清器。
In general, several filters with different filtration capacity - filter collector, primary filter and secondary filter are installed in the main oil passage in parallel or in series. (the filter connected in series with the main oil passage is called full flow filter. When the engine is working, all lubricating oil is filtered through the filter; the filter connected in parallel is called split flow filter). The first strainer is connected in series in the main oil passage, which is full flow type; The secondary filter is connected in parallel in the main oil passage and is of split flow type. Modern car engines are generally equipped with only a filter collector and a full flow oil filter.
如何判斷機濾的好壞。
How to judge the quality of machine filter.
1. 看外觀細(xì)節(jié)
1. Look at the appearance details
只有好的機濾才肯在外觀細(xì)節(jié)上投入成本做到好，劣質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品根本沒有這個能力，也懶得去做好?？梢詮臋C濾外殼表面是否光滑，印刷內(nèi)容是否清晰和機濾開口處是否有塑封來辨別。
Only good mechanical filters are willing to invest in appearance details and do their best. Inferior products don't have this ability at all and don't bother to do well. It can be distinguished from whether the surface of the filter housing is smooth, whether the printed content is clear and whether there is plastic sealing at the filter opening.
2.看機濾橡膠圈是否有韌性和柔軟
2. Check whether the filter rubber ring has toughness and softness
好機濾的橡膠圈的用料會很厚實，而且用手捏時也會有柔軟的感覺，這樣能保證進(jìn)出油口周邊的密封性。而劣質(zhì)機濾的橡膠圈質(zhì)感偏硬，缺乏彈性。
The rubber ring of good machine filter will be made of thick material, and it will feel soft when pinched by hand, so as to ensure the sealing around the oil inlet and outlet. The rubber ring of inferior mechanical filter has hard texture and lacks elasticity.
3.看內(nèi)部是否具有旁通閥
3. Check whether there is a bypass valve inside
機濾止回閥是一個橡膠皮碗，作用是阻斷機油回流，以保證發(fā)動機冷啟動時，能在潤滑系統(tǒng)內(nèi)盡早形成油壓保證供油，盡可能縮短發(fā)動機干磨的時間。
The machine filter check valve is a rubber cup, which is used to block the oil return, so as to ensure that when the engine is cold started, the oil pressure can be formed in the lubrication system as soon as possible to ensure oil supply and shorten the dry grinding time of the engine as much as possible.
它的位置在機濾進(jìn)油口里面，我們可以用尖的物體插到進(jìn)油口中，如果插到有橡膠的柔軟感覺，那就表明有止回閥；反之，插到是硬物，則沒有止回閥。
It is located in the oil inlet of the machine filter. We can insert a pointed object into the oil inlet. If there is a soft feeling of rubber, it indicates that there is a check valve; Conversely, if the plug is hard, there is no check valve.
4.看機濾濾芯是否固定好
4. Check whether the filter element is fixed properly
好的機濾，其濾芯會被牢牢固定在機濾內(nèi)部，在承受機油壓力和車輛顛簸時都不會移位，以保證機油都從濾紙通過完成過濾。還可以通過搖晃機濾來聽是否有雜音，判斷其是否固定好。
For a good machine filter, the filter element will be firmly fixed inside the machine filter and will not shift under oil pressure and vehicle bumps, so as to ensure that the oil passes through the filter paper to complete the filtration. You can also shake the filter to hear whether there is noise and judge whether it is fixed.
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